Consensus Mechanism

How M2 Protocol achieves consensus and validates transactions

Avalanche Consensus

M2 Protocol is built on Avalanche C-Chain, which uses the innovative Avalanche Consensus Protocol - a novel approach that combines the benefits of classical consensus algorithms with the scalability of Nakamoto consensus.

Key Benefits

  • Sub-second finality: Transactions confirmed in under 2 seconds
  • High throughput: 4,500+ transactions per second
  • Energy efficient: Proof of Stake with minimal power consumption
  • Highly secure: Resistance to 51% attacks and other vulnerabilities

How It Works

1

Transaction Submission

Users submit transactions to validator nodes on the Avalanche network.

2

Repeated Sampling

Validators randomly sample a small subset of other validators to query their preference on the transaction.

3

Preference Update

If a sufficient majority responds with the same preference, the validator updates its own preference to match.

4

Finalization

After sufficient rounds of sampling with consistent results, the transaction is considered final and irreversible.

Proof of Stake (PoS)

Avalanche uses Proof of Stake, where validators must stake AVAX to participate in consensus. This provides:

Security

Validators have economic stake in network health. Bad actors risk losing their staked AVAX.

Energy Efficiency

No energy-intensive mining. Drastically lower environmental impact vs Proof of Work.

Decentralization

Lower barrier to entry than mining. Anyone can run a validator with minimum stake.

Rewards

Validators earn rewards for securing the network and processing transactions.

M2 Protocol Staking

Stake M2 Tokens

While Avalanche consensus uses AVAX staking, M2 Protocol will introduce its own staking mechanism where M2 token holders can stake to earn rewards and participate in governance.

Coming Q3 2026: M2 staking platform with competitive APY and governance rights

Transaction Finality

Instant Finality

Unlike Bitcoin (60+ minutes) or Ethereum (13+ minutes), Avalanche provides finality in under 2 seconds. Once confirmed, transactions are irreversible.

Perfect for M2M

Fast finality is critical for machine-to-machine transactions where devices need immediate confirmation to proceed with operations.

Security Guarantees

  • Byzantine Fault Tolerance: Network remains secure even if up to 20% of validators are malicious
  • Sybil Resistance: Economic cost of staking prevents spam and Sybil attacks
  • No Long-Range Attacks: Protocol design prevents historical revision attacks
  • Network Partitioning: Continues operating even during network splits

Learn More

For detailed technical information about Avalanche consensus, visit the official documentation.

Avalanche Docs